[embedded] Make sure integer does not wrap around for small ratios

Merged Timo Koch requested to merge feature/cylinder-integration-fix-integer-conversion into master

Fix compiler warning related to implicit conversion

This makes sure, given some ratio that the resulting number of samples is between 1 and the largest representable std::size_t.

The given ratio is clamped to the interval (0,1] if it's outside that range.

Fixes #942 (closed)

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