Periodicity with Subgrid

What this MR does / why does DuMux need it:

DUNE Subgrid currently does not preserve intersection.boundary() from the host grid, which we use to detect periodic boundaries with intersection.neighbor() == intersection.boundary() == true (see https://gitlab.dune-project.org/extensions/dune-subgrid/-/issues/8).

This MR extracts information on whether the grid supports periodicity in DuMux and the logic for detecting periodic intersections to a helper struct. Discretization-specific grid geometries must implement a type SupportsPeriodicity such as PeriodicGridTraits<Grid>::SupportsPeriodicity. To test for periodicity use the free function supportsPeriodicity<GridGeometry>() and PeriodicGridTraits(grid).isPeriodic(leafIntersection).

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