[glue] check non-uniqueness of raw intersection geometries only if dim1 != dim2

See merge request !1656

[md][glue] Fixes change that changed the orientation of inside/outside

See merge request !1657

[box][fvgeom] avoid storing element pointer

See merge request !1658

To make the interface more clear this commit introduces a new
intersection interface and deprecates the old one.

The old inside(n) is replaced by targetEntity(n)
The old outide(n) is replaced by domainEntity(n)
The old neighbor() is replaces by
numTargetNeighbors()/numDomainNeighbors().

Furthermore num{}Neighbors returns 1 if the {}-dimension is
smaller than the other dimension.

[shallow water] Add friction laws (Manning and Nikuradse)

Closes #688

See merge request !1596

Feature/optimize projector

Closes #708

See merge request !1646

Dennis Gläser authored 5 years ago and Timo Koch committed 5 years ago

This way, a user can get access to the matrices underlying an
l2-projection. The projectors do not allow access to these matrices and
internally use a reduced matrix in case the target domain occupies a
larger geometric region than the origin domain, where the rows and
columns that correspond to dofs not taking part in the projection are
deleted.

to shearStress. Also in problem.hh computeBottomFrictionSource is
renamed to bottomFricitonSource.

For each element a object of a child class of FrictionLaw is
instantiated and stored within a vector.
This makes it possible to change the friction law on runtime, use also friction
laws which have more than one parameter, use spatial variying friction
values and even to use muliple friction laws.

The friction law compute now the bed shear stress instead of the source
term. So they return a quantity with a clear physical meaning, which can
be also used for other purpuses (e.g. sediment transport). Therefore the
computeSource method was renamed to computeShearStress.
computeShearStress uses now volvars instead of the explicit use of
waterDepth, u, v.

It is possible to extract the Scalar type from the NumEqVector type.
Therefore its not necessary any longer to pass it explicitly as an
template argument.

The source is now entirely calculated within the friction law.

One can run the test now also with Nikuradse. But be aware that the
friction value in the input file is a Manning values.
Addintional changes
- The names of the variables used for the calculation of the
  boundaryfluxes are changed, because they were not really clear. Also the
  documentation of their file is improved.
- Some smaller modification were also applyied, which were demanded
  by the discussion about the merge request.

Remove unnecessesary part from updateAnalyticalSolution.

Also some of the smaller suggestions of the review process are
integrated.

To improve the weird inheritance from Nikuradse to Manning a abstract
base class FrictionLaw as base for all friction laws is introduced, by
making computeUstarH virtual.

- use std::array instead of std::vector.
- In general manningN is a spatial parameter, so put it there, even
  if it is a constant in the rough channel test.
- Rename the water depth from h to waterDepth.
- Fix the dambreak test, which was incidentially broken by the work on thei
  rouch channel test.

The test provides a simple channel flow based on the friction law after
Manning. Normal flow is assumed, therefore the formular after Gaukler,
Manning and Strickler can be used to get an analytic solution.

Add the frictions laws including the CMake stuff and the doxygen
documentation. In the next step the comments have to be completed and
the friction laws musst be tested.

[freeflow][test] In channel 3d test use smaller Newton tolerance. This way,...

Closes #732

See merge request !1654

[freeflow][test] Set larger timeout for sincos convergence test.

See merge request !1653

[freeflow][test] In channel 3d test use smaller Newton tolerance. This way, velocities in y and z direction, which should be zero, assume values smaller 1e-12 which is the tolerance for comparing the test solution against the reference solution. Additionally, adapt the reference solution.

[test] Remove numpy dependency

Closes #731

See merge request !1652

Switch to C++14 standard deprecation attribute

Closes #728

See merge request !1649